HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT ARMENIA 1999
FIVE YEARS OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IN ARMENIA
Forward by Robert Kocharyan, President of the RA
Preface by Katica Cekalovich, UN Res. Coordinator, UNDP ResRep
Acknowledgments
Abbreviations
Executive Summary
Basic facts about the RA
Introduction
Chapter 1 Trasition period: Short or long term prospects for Armenia?
Chapter 2 The social cost of reforms
Chapter 3 Social cohension and cooperation
Chapter 4 The state - an impetus to development
Chapter 5 Prospects for sustainable human development
1.1 Transition period: Initial Conditions
1.2 Political Results of the Transition Period
1.3 Economic Results of the Transition Period
1.4 Conclusions and Recommendations
Boxes >>
Figures >>
Tables >>
Boxes 1.1 Consequences fo Economic Policy Pursued in the Transition Period
1.2 Chronology of the Main Econimic Reforms of the Transition Period
1.3 Duration of the Transition Period
1.4 The Banking and Taxation Systems in Armenia
Figures 1.1 The state in the transition period
1.2 GDP dynamics in RA (GDP of the year of 1989 is assumed as equal to 100%)
1.3 The Real GDP level in 1977 - 1999 against 1989 (in percents)
1.4 The RA Foreign Trade Dynamics (as percentage of GDP)
Tables 1.1 The RA Foreign Debt Dynamics (as of the end of the year)
2.1 Social Consequences of the Transition Period
2.2 Reforms in the Social Sphere
2.3 Description of Poverty and Impoverishment
2.4 Possible ways of relieving the social cost of transition. Conclusions and Recommendations
Boxes 2.1 The Unemployment Rate in Marzes
2.2 Housing Problems in the Earthquake Zone and Their Possible Solutions
Figures 2.1 Dynamics of the Average Annual Rate of Registered Unemployement (as % of EAP)
2.2 Classification of Poverty
Tables 2.1 The Ratio of Food Expenditures in MSB
2.2 Classification of Families according to Average per Capita Income
3.1 From Social Cohension to Discord
3.2 Integration of Socially Vulnerable Groups
3.3 Interaction of the State, Civil Society and Private Sector
3.4 From Totalitarianism to Social Partnership
3.5 Conclusions and Recommendations
Boxes 3.1 Value Bases of Social Cohension and Cooperation
3.2 Trade Unions
3.3 The National Gender Program of Armenia
3.4 Diaspora-Armenia Relations in Terms of Social Cooperation
3.5 The Armenian Apostolic Church as a Promoter of Social Cooperation
Figures 3.1 Functioning of Civil Society in Armenia
3.2 Cooperation in the Private Sector
3.3 Steps Aimed at Achieving Social Cooperation
Tables 3.1 The State as an Equal Partner
4.1 Establishment and Observance of Legitimacy
4.2 State-Limiting Activities
4.3 Sate Activities
4.4 Integration of Armenia into International Organizations and Regional Programs
4.5 Globalization and its Effects in Armenia
4.6 Ecological Problems: Current Situation and Solutions
4.7 Dynamics and Efficiency of the State's Institutional, Administrative, Technical and Political Capabilities
4.8 Conclusions and Recommendations
Boxes 4.1 Armenia within the Silk Route Program
Tables 4.1 Loan Spending Efficiency
4.2 Summary of National Assembly Proportional Vote Results
4.3 NA Members Elected by Proportional Vote (by parisanship)
4.4 NA Members Elected by Proportional Vote (by profession)
4.5 Number of Schoolteachers in Armenia by Educational Level
5.1 Comprehensive Investment and Economic Development Strategy, Investments in Human Capital
5.2 The Analysis of the RA Environmental and Economic Development Options in View of Sustainable Human Development
5.3 Sustainabale Human Development or Sustainable Human Conditions (alternative view)
5.4 The Transition Period and Possible Prospects for Sustainable Human Development: Conclusions and Recommendations
Boxes 5.1 Expenditure for Human Capital
5.2 Armenia on the SHD track
Figures 5.1 Functioning of Civil Society in Armenia
5.2 Cooperation in the Private Sector
5.3 Steps Aimed at Achieving Social Cooperation
Annex 1 Statistical Tables
Annex 2 The Human Development Index
Annex 3 Evolution in Approaches to Development
17. Military Expenditures and resource use imbalance
18. Resource Inflow
19. Growing Urbanization
20. Population Trends
21. Profile of Environmental Degradation
22. Energy Use
23. National Income Accounts
24. Trends in Economic Performance
25. Health Profile
26. Profile of People in Work
27. Education
28. Unemployment
29. Social Stress and Social Change
30. Financial Resource Inflows and Outflows
31. Growing Urbanization
32. Managing the Environment
1. Human Development Index
2. Gender related Human Development Index
3. Gender Empowerment Measure
4. Trends in Human Development and per Capita Income
5. Trends in Human Development and Economic Growth
6. Trends in Human Development
7. Trends in Human Development
8. Women's Access to Education
9. Women's Participation in Economic and Political Life
10. Health Profile
11. Child Survival and Development
12. Food Security
13. Education Imbalances
14. Profile of People in Work
15. Access to Information and Communication
16. Investments in Social Sphere
Basic Facts about the Republic of Armenia1
1 All figures are provided by the Ministry of Statistics, State Register and Analysis (MS)
2 HDRs present the data with a two-year lag